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Smeed's Law, named after R. J. Smeed, who first proposed the relationship in 1949, is an empirical rule relating traffic fatalities to traffic congestion as measured by the proxy of motor vehicle registrations and country population. Thus, increasing traffic volume leads to an increase in fatalities per capita, but a decrease in fatalities per vehicle. He also predicted that the average speed of traffic in central London would always be nine miles per hour, because that is the minimum speed that people tolerate. He predicted that any intervention intended to speed traffic would only lead to more people driving at this 'tolerable' speed unless there were any other disincentives against doing so. His hypothesis in relation to road traffic safety has been disputed by several authors, who point out that fatalities per person have decreased, when the "Law" requires that they should increase as long as the number of vehicles per person continues to rise. == Smeed's formula == Smeed's formula is expressed as: : or, weighted per capita, : where ''D'' is annual road deaths, ''n'' is number of registered vehicles, and ''p'' is population. Smeed published his research for twenty different countries, and, by his death in 1976, he had expanded this to 46 countries, all showing this result. Smeed became deputy director of the Road Research Laboratory and, later, Professor at University College London. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Smeed's law」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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